Casual, temporary, and seasonal workers who lack social protection coverage or other employment benefits, or who fall short of full legal status, have informal employment status even when they work …

brief historical overview of the informal sector concept and related debates, focusing on the four domi-nant schools of thought about the informal economy.

We use this review specifically to build a better understanding of non-formal learning and to consider the methodological implications for researching this type of learning. Formal learning is relatively well …

Informality covers a wide range of situations within and across countries, and it arises for a number of reasons. On the one hand, individuals and firms may choose to remain outside the formal economy …

The literal definition for the informal sector is straightforward: economic activities that are outside tax and regulatory policies. This definition applies to both workers and the individuals or companies for which …

Informality: Exit and Exclusion, the ninth in our series of regional flagship reports, explores this very heterogeneous sector from a variety of perspectives ranging from a concern with the protection of …

Neither formal nor informal language is necessarily better than the other, but one is almost always more appropriate than the other depending on the situation and audience.